Oscar knapp



2 Sheets-Simeri. 0 I KNAPP".

Lamp.

No. 225,935 Patented Mar. 30, 1880.

, @am l 2 Sheets-Sheet'2.

O. KNAPP. Lamp.

10.225335 Patented Mar. 30,1880.

NJTEHS, PHOTO-THDGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

OSCAR KNAPP, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming' part 0f Letters Patent NO. 225,935, dated March 30, 1880.

Application filed J une 12, 1879.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, OSCAR KNAPP, of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Study-Lamps; and I do hereby'declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification, in which- Figure l represents a longitudinal vertical section of a lamp construct-ed according to my improvements; Fig. 2, a side view of the wicktube; Fig. 3, a top view of the same; Fig. 4., a horizontal section of the same through the dotted line 002 m2, Fig. 2; Fig. 5, a side view of the wick-carrier; Fig. 6, an inverted plan of the oil-cup and valve; Fig. 7, a vertical section of theupper part of the basin and a cam projection on the cup; Fig. 8, a vertical section of the outside burner-tube and hand-ring; Fig. 9, an inverted plan of the same; Fig. l0, a detail of the drip-cup, partly in section, showing the drip-cup on one side of its normal position Fig. 1l, a horizontal section of the junction of the oil-supply pipe and guide Fig. 12, a vertical cross-section of the same; Fig. 13, an enlarged section of the bottom of the oil-cup,

showing the valve open; Fig. 14, a view of the bottom of the air-pipe.

This invention relates to vcertain improvements in fountain or study lamps.

It consists, mainly, in certain combinations of parts and peculiarities of construction whereby such lamps are more easily made, less liable to get out of order, and more con venient for use, which combinations and construction will be hereinafter more fully described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents the guide, that slides over the usual standard-bar; B, the basin connected with the vertical oil-tube C by the supply-pipe D, and the latter is secured to the said oil-tube C by inserting it into a rim, E, swaged or otherwise formed upon the tube. This joint may be simply itted and soldered; but the rim and screwed one into the other, then soldered, and as a further security the usual collar may be soldered over the joint.

The pipe I) is connected to the guide or sleeve A, and is secured thereto by dividing the said pipe longitudinally and vertically, and forming it into a globular shape, so as to closely lit around the said guide or sleeve A and yet leave a passage for the oil on each side of the sleeve, as shown in Figs. 1I and 12. To further strengthen the joint I solder the usual sphere E around it.

The lower end of the tube C is provided with a screw-thread to attach the waste or drip cup H; and its bottom, instead of being soldered to it in the usual manner, is formed in one piece with it, and the spiral air-tube is fastened securely in its position by soldering directly to said bottom; or, by raising a rim on it, the air-tube may be screwed into said rim and soldered to make the joint tight.

As the making of this tube G and the lip E in one piece required considerable experimenting before I could make it practically, I will here describe the mode which I found necessary to adopt to make such a tube, as an ordinary mechanic without such ahdescription would fail to make it. I first make a tube, closed at one end, from a disk of sheet metal, in the way well known to makers of metallic cartridges, taking great care, however, to get the tube of the right degree of' hardness, so that, although it be made very thin, it will prevent indentation or injury in ordinary handling, and yet be soft enough to admit of the lip being formed. This is accomplished by drawing the tube through five sets of drawing-dies and annealing it after each drawing, except the last, which leaves it the finished size. In order that the lip E may be formed on it, care must be taken to stretch the metal ofthe tube but very little at this stage, or the lip cannot well be formed. I next perforate the tube with a small hole, about one-third the internal diameter of the lip when finished. This hole must be cut clean and withoutburr. The tube is now put on over a die having a lug projecting from it of the size of the interior of the lip, and from this lug rises a pin of the size of the hole previously made in the side of the pipe are preferably threaded, so as to be tube, which pinis passed through the hole. A

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die having a face corresponding to the shape of the tube C, and a hole therein of the size of the lip externally, is then forced down upon the tube, which causes the neck to form around the lug and rise into the recess in the upper die.

Care must be taken, first, to have the metal of the tube of the right degree of hardness, or it will not stand handling; secondly, to have it of the right degree of softness, or the lip cannot be formed; thirdly, that the small hole is clear cut and without burr, or the lip will crack open; and fourthly, that the face of the upper die conforms to the shape of the tube G, as otherwise said tube will be flattened and useless.

The drip-cup, instead of being made in one piece, as usual, is divided, so as to allowa portion of it to slide to one side in order that the lamp may be lighted by passing a light through the air-tube without removing the chimney. To this end the upper portion, H, is screwed to the base of the tube C in the ordinary manner, and it is provided with a male dovetail, which slides in a corresponding female dovetail attached to the lower part of the drip-cup H', and is prevented from passing entirely out of the dovetail by a stud attached to the male dovetail and working through a slot in the female dovetail, which slot is so proportioned as to make the stud serve for a stop in both directions. By sliding the lower part of the dripcup to one side, as in Fig. l0, a light may be passed up through the air-tube and the wick lighted without removing the chimney. This arrangement of the divided cup and flange will'be found much more economical in manufacture and convenient in use than those lamps in which the cup and flange are united so as to both move together laterally when it is required to light the lamp through the airfhole, because the lamps heretofore made with such laterallymoving cups and flanges require separate and additional joints in the tubes and projecting hinges or slides, which are not only an additional expense to manufacture, but form places for the lodgment of dust and dirt, and the projectin g parts are more likely to become broken.

Over the air tube is fitted the spirallygrooved wick-carrier J, and outside of this is the wick-tube K, which has a head, L, with notches M in its periphery to receive a projection, T, on the burner-tube Q. 'Ihe burnertube Q, is secured to the collar P of the handring O, which collar is provided with a setscrew, O ,anda spring-catch, O, ittingloosely around a flange or projection, N, either formed upon the oil-tube O by swaging or otherwise, or made separately, and securely attached in any convenient manner, by which v arrangement the burner-tube is securely fastened in position and readily turned for elevating or depressing the wick.

In the wick-tube two or more vertical slots, u u, are formed at equal distances around the periphery, and extending the whole length of the tube, except at the extreme lower end, in

which is secured a ring to form a bearing for the wick-tube around the bottom of the airtube I. These slots are to receive arms V V, attached to or forming part of the shoulder J on the wick-carrier J, and these arms correspond in number and in position with the slots in which they slide, so as to freely move therein. On each side of the slots the tube K is slightly attened, so as to be at right angles to the arms V, as shown at u a', Fig. 4.

The wick is attached to the top of the wickraiser in the usual manner, and by the described arrangement it can be readily raised or lowered without the clamping, clogging, or springing of the sides of the slots of the wick-tube, so common in the ordinary style of lamp, the strain being evenly divided upon the carrier J.

To lock the supply-cup F with the basin B, I employ on the upper portion of said basin an inwardly-projecting rim, W', and on the periphery of the cup a projection, x, which will pass through a notch, w', in the rim, and passing under the rim will lock the two together. On one side of notch m a-stop, x, projects downward for the purpose of preventing the cup being turned in the wrong direction.

Instead of the rim W being on the basin B and the projection x on the supply-cup or fount F, the same effect may be produced by fastening the rim W upon the upper part of the cup, and fastening the projection on the yinner side of the basin B, leaving the rim W a sufficient distance from the top of fount to admit of the projection x passing around and above it, thus forming an invisible lock with# in the basin B.

By this modification, or the plan described in the preceding paragraph and shown in the drawings, a concealed lock may be made in a thin sheet-metal basin and fount without any protuberance on the outside of the basin, so that the latter may be readily polished bright and kept clean, which is not the case where there are projections on the outside.

By attaching a rim, as shown in the drawings, directly to the basin B or fount F, instead of using a separate cylinderl with slots cut in it, as heretofore practiced, a much stronger lock is made at much less expense.

From the center of the bottom of the cup projects downward a valve-seat, y, for the circular valve G, which valve stops the opening in the bottom of the seat. At the top of this valve is a iange, Gr', bearing on the under side of the base of the cup, and on its bottom is aflatsided key, z, extending downward into a suitable iixed wre11cl1,z,in the basin, the key and socket serving to operate the valve in a manner hereinafter explained.

The flange G has a portion cut away at g for about a quarter of its circumference, forming a long notch. Attached to the bottom of the cup is a stud, h, having a large head, which overlaps the edge of the flange, by which means the valve is held to its seat and the IOO IIO

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bottom of the cup. At one end the notch is made deeper, so as to allow the head of the stud to slip past, in order that the valve may be readily detached to ll the cup with oil. In lieu of the notch g the ange may be made wide enough to have a slot cut through it of similar shape to the notch, which will answer the same purpose.

Both the seat and valve have openings b b through their sides, which are so arranged as only to make outlets when the valve is in such positlon as to bring the enlarged end of the notch g close against the stud L.

Attached to the inner part of the seat y is a vertical pipe, a, which extends up into the cup, the top of said pipe being open to admit of the escape of air. The object of this pipe is to guide the air through the cup without its bubbling through the oil, and thus greatly reducing the noise and causing the oil to feed at short intervals in small quantities, so as to be more regular and nearly continuous. Attached to the pipe a is a guide, m, carrying a iloat, u, having on. one side a pin, o, that passes between the pipe a and the seat y, by which it can be.easil y seen when the cup is filled, as the iioat will rise as the cup becomes filled with oil and cause the pin to project through theinlet.

The stud h, the projection a', notch x', the key z, and socket z are so arranged relatively to each other that by entering the cup into the basin with the valve closed the key z is readily inserted into its socket, and by turning the cup so as to bring the projection w under the rim W until it can be turned no farther, the cup is locked in the basin, thus opening the valve Gr to admit air into the tube and allow the oil to pass out at. the lower openings, b. By turning the cup the reverse way until the projection a: comes in contact with the stop x, the valve is closed and the cup can be withdrawn, to be refilled, as before described, and again replaced, and the valve opened, as before.

I I am aware that it -is not new to strike up or swage screw-necks from disks, or to form them on the ends of tubes; that it is not new to bend the feed-tube around on one side of the sleeve; that wick-carriers having equidistant arms are not new; that wick-tubes have had a portion of cach side of the slot bent inv ward and then doubled to strengthen the same; that a fountain for a lamp has been provided with a valve below it and a pin thereon that passes into a groove and slot in a cylindrical locking device inclosed in a small cyl inder attached to the feed-pipe for opening the valve and locking the cylinder; that different forms of locking devices visible from the outside have been attached to the tops of lamp fountains and basins 5 that a drip-cup of a lamp has been provided with an extensio'avtube C, having a rim, E, raised or swaged on its side, and the two tted together, substantially as specified.

2. The combination of the guide or sleeve A with the pipe or tube D, the latter being divided longitudinally and then expanded to receive said sleeve A without reducing the oil-passage, substantially as specified.

3. The combination of the spiral air-tube I with the tube C, when the latter and its base are formed in one piece, and the two tubes are united, substantially in the manner described and set forth.

4. The combination, with a fount, F, and an air-tube, a, of a valve, G, constructed to admit air to the tube and to allow oil to pa-ss out simultaneously, substantially as specified.

5. The combination of the air-tube Iand the carrier J with the slotted tube K, ilattened at the slots u u, whereby the metal of the tube adjacent to the slotsis caused to stand at right angles to the arms of the carrier, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination, with the burner-tube Q and wick-tube K, of a shoulder, N, flange O", with set-screw or spring, collar I), and handring O, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination of a fountain-locking device with a valve, Gr, provided with a key, z, adapted to be turned by the stationary wrench z', substantially as specied.

8. The combination, with the oil-tube C, of a drip-cup consistinglof the fixed flange H, attached to the base of said tube, and the loose base Hf, united by a joint constructed to allow said base H to move independently of the flan ge H, substantially as and for the purpose specied.

9. The combination of the float u, having a side rod, o, with the air-tube a, provided with a recess to form a passage for said rod o between the air-tube and valve-seat, substantially as specied.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand and seal this 31st day of May, 1879.

' OSCAR KNAPP. [L. s.]

Witnesses:

HENRY F. RAssELoT, J AMES M. VALLES.

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